Books -
Raymond Williams : Keywords, A vocabulary of culture and society (1976)
View the PDF online
https://taverna.org/sites/default/files/raymond-williams-keywords.pdf
Modern culture dictates that culture is a physical thing, art, music, literature, film etc...
There is also the concept that culture is a society or community is building towards an end goal
Empire Marketing Board - Adrian Allison (1926)
We bring them culture, we bring the savage into the civilised, the raw to the cooked. This is a very ideological approach judging another culture and labelling their culture as wrong
Britain attempting to justify our domination over the rest of the world
Manfred B. Steger, Globalization: a very short introduction page 71
All nations are slowly becoming western and dominated making all cultures combined into one. This is the representation of American capitalism. This is referenced as 'McDonaldization'
The world is becoming increasingly more hedonist and misogamist
Global Village Thesis
Foreshadowing the internet interconnecting everyone into a global village where everyone knows each other.
National identities become less important, multinational corporations operate outside of national laws. If one society does not accept their ways, they will simply move to another company. For example sweatshops in china.
A new form of cultural imperialism is not fought through bullets and guns but through cultural warfare. This can see western states globalise the world.
Modernism aimed to uniform all countries and build a society with a shared visual language for all. Postmodernism could say that this uniformity wipes out all individualism. Neofashism of radical islam. Centrifugal forces
What are British values? (Stated by the government)
Democracy
The rule of law
individual liberty
mutual respect and tolerance of different faiths and beliefs
Adbusters (2009) American Corporate Flag
Adorno & Horkheimer (1944)
The culture industry is an ideological trap to keep capitalist values
Homogeneity & Predictability
Not anarchy but conformity
Active Consumption - social change, expect to see something and get something avant garde, making people into a more critical thinker, introduces the possibility of negation (to refuse dominant narrative)
Passive Consumption - Predictable, same plot recycled, I don't have to think about anything and can zone out after a bad day
Argue authentic culture and mass culture
Mass culture is subtly making us passive and confirmative. Sleep, Work, Buy
Platos Cave, resembling bullhead studio
animated cave
analogy
The shadows are the images we see on media and mass media, the images shown to us to keep us domesticated.
Their is another world which we cannot comprehend, the man who escapes is the liberated mind / free thinker who one will listen to.
Class identified forming through the accident of industrialisation, the working class alienated from all other culture and therefore start to build their own working class culture.
Aristocracy Culture & fine art vs Popular culture made by the people, for the people.
To be cultured means that you are better than someone else, more degenerate, not as cultured as i am. The working class 'the chav', when liverpool football club visited Milan & Paris, the fans stole the smart clothing brands such as sergio tachini which built their own subculture.
Edgey rebeliĆ³n such as the mods, forming their own music, fashion and culture. Commodity based, buying the most expensive suits and having the power to conspicuously consume.
Popular culture can be negational, to be cultural radical. Visual rebellion can be be seen with the gesture of safety pin piercings. Resembling the idea of not buying jewellery.
Hegemony - Refers to a way of ruling which dictates that we are not ruled by laws ect.. but that we allow ourselves to be dominated by the elite.